|
1875 |
Émile Reynaud invents the
Praxinoscope. |
|
1877 |
 Eadweard Muybridge experiments with multiple
cameras to take successive photographs of horses in motion. He
continued his photographic studies of motion, including human
movements, from 1884-1887 at the University of
Pennsylvania. For animated e-book click
here. |
|
1879 |
George Eastman invents an emulsion-coating
machine which enables the mass-production of photographic dry
plates. |
|
|
Dennis Redmond develops the electric telescope
to produce moving images. |
|
1880 |
George Eastman begins to commercially
manufacture dry plates. |
|
|
Muybridge demonstrates to an audience at the
San Francisco Art Association Rooms his Zoopraxiscope, a
Zoetrope adapted to project photographic images in
motion. |
|
|
First book about television, The Electric
Telescope, is published. |
|
|
Stephen Horgan's A Scene in Shantytown
is printed in 'halftone' in the New York Daily
Graphic. |
|
1882 |
French physiologist Étienne-Jules Marey invents
the chronophotographic gun, a camera shaped like a rifle that
records twelve successive photographs per second. |
|
1884 |
Ottomar Anschutz's Stork's in Flight
captures multiple images. |
|
|
Stebbing Automatic Camera is the first
production camera to use roll film. |
|
1885 |
EASTMAN American Film is introduced as the
first transparent film negative. |
|
1887 |
Thomas Alva Edison commissions W. K. L. Dickson
to invent a motion picture camera. |
|
1888 |
First motion picture films are made on
sensitized paper rolls taken with a camera by Louis Aime
Augustin Le Prince. |
|
|
The name Kodak is born and the KODAK Camera is
placed on the market. It is loaded with 100 exposures on a
film roll for $25. It is simply operated: Pull the string to
cock the shutter, press the button to expose the film, and
turn the key to advance the film. The advertising slogan is:
"You press the button and we do the rest". After all the film
is exposed, the camera and the film are sent back to the
Eastman Dry Plate and Film Co. in Rochester for developing.
The Kodak camera-fixed focus, 57mm lens, f/9, sharp from 3 1/2
ft. to infinity. |
|
|
Development of motion-picture roll film. |
|
|
 Peter Henry Emerson's Naturalistic
Photography handbook outlines aesthetics, which he calls
naturalism. For e-book on this subject
click here |
|
1890 |
Jacob Riis's How the Other Half Lives.
Realistic photographs of New York City living conditions
prompts revision of tenement housing laws. |
|
|
Charles Driffield and Ferdinand Hurter publish
their work on emulsion sensitivity and exposure
measurement. |
|
|
Karl Ferdinand Braun invents the Cathode Ray
Tube (CRT). |
|
1890s |
Dickson's kinetophone synchronizes the
kinetograph and the phonograph. |
|
|
British photographer Frederick Henry Evans
becomes known for artistic photography. He is part of the
group known as the Linked Ring. |
|
1891 |
Daylight loading film is introduced. |
|
|
W. K. L. Dickson and Thomas A. Edison patent
the Kinetoscope, a type of viewing device in which a film loop
ran on spools between an incandescent lamp and a shutter for
individual viewing. |
|
|
Frederick Ives develops first complete system for
natural color photography. |
|
1893 |
Fred Ott sneezing in Edison Kinetoscopic
Record of a Sneeze, January 7, 1894, filmed at the "Black
Maria," a motion picture studio that rotates on tracks to
follow the light of the sun built by Edison in West Orange,
NJ. |
|
|
Thomas Alva Edison commissions W.K.L.Dickson to
invent a motion-picture camera in 1887. Dickson's contribution
to motion-picture and projection technology was a device to
ensure intermittent but regular motion of the film strip and
regularly perforated celluloid film strip to ensure precise
synchronization between the film strip and the shutter.
Dickson's camera is patented as the Kinetograph in 1893. |
|
1894 |
Louis and Auguste Lumière invent the
Cinématographe in Lyon, a combination camera-projector that
can project moving images onto a screen. |
|
|
Edison opens the first Kinetoscope parlor in
New York City. |
|
|
Photo Club of Paris is established. |
|
1895 |
The Pocket KODAK Camera is announced. |
|
|
The birth of cinema: In Berlin, Max and Emil
Skladanowsky show a 15-minute public program of films made
using their Bioscop. |
|
|
First advertised public screening of films at
LeGrand Café, Paris. The Lumière brothers' Arrival of a
Train at a Station, one of the many actuality films or
documentary views they made is screened. |
|
|
Auguste and Louis Lumière's
Workers Leaving
the Lumière Factory. |
|
|
The Lumières and Edison demonstrate motion
picture cameras and projectors. |
|
|
Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen discovers x-rays. |
|
1896 |
Public demonstration in New York City of the
Edison Vitascope designed by Thomas Armat, bringing projection
to the United States. |
|
|
Britain's first projector, the Theatrograph
(later the Animatograph) is demonstrated by Robert W.
Paul. |
|
|
Founding of Gaumont, oldest extant film
company. |
|
|
Edison's John Rice-May Irwin Kiss (peep
show epic showing a prolonged kiss). |
|
|
Josef Maria Eder and Eduard Valenta publish
stereoscopic Röntgen photographs. |
|
1896-98 |
British photographers George Albert Smith and
James Williamson construct their own motion picture cameras
and begin production of trick films. |
|
1897 |
Herman Casler and W.K.L. Dickson's American
Mutoscope is the most popular film company in the United
States. |
|
|
125 people, most of them from the upper
classes, die during a film screening at the Charity Bazaar in
Paris after a curtain is ignited by the ether used to fuel the
projector lamp. |
|
1899 |
Founding of Pathé-Frères, the world's largest
film producer and distributor through WW I. |
|
|
Pascal - First roll film spring wind motor
advance. |
